5/31 発寒の家Ⅲ

 

捻じれていた二階の梁（105×270L:3640）を素早く架け替え、根太受けと梁成補強のために45×105を両側からサンドイッチした「発寒の家Ⅲ」です。屋根断熱は最近お気に入りのミラフォームΛ・・EPSでありながらフェノールフォームに迫る性能とコストパフォーマンスが魅力で最近よく使います。基礎断熱に土と接して使える汎用性の高さも魅力。屋根にはこのラムダを200ｍｍ（約ＧＷ340ｍｍ相当）を使います。ちなみに屋根は構造体の外側で断熱する外張り断熱。従いまして今見えている梁等の構造材は全て室内側に存在することになります。こうすることで、いつでも点検が容易になります。

The second floor beam (105 x 270L: 3640) which had been twisted was quickly replaced, and 45 x 105 was sandwiched from both sides to support the joists and strengthen the beam. My recent favorite for roof insulation is Mirafoam Λ...I've been using EPS a lot lately because it has performance and cost performance that rivals phenol foam. It is also attractive for its versatility, as it can be used in contact with soil for basic insulation. For the roof, use this lambda of 200mm (equivalent to approximately GW340mm). By the way, the roof is externally insulated, which is insulated on the outside of the structure. Therefore, all the structural materials such as beams that are visible now are on the indoor side. This makes inspection easier at any time.

梁を架け替え根太受けと補強を兼ねて両側より45×105で挟みました。

The beam was replaced and sandwiched between 45 x 105 pieces from both sides to support the joists and reinforce it.

梁と柱の接合は全て羽子板ボルトやパネリードＸを用いて補強します。

All joints between beams and columns are reinforced using battledore bolts and panel lead X.

コストパフォーマンスとどこにでも使い易い性格が気に入って最近よく使うミラフォームラムダ。写真は100ｍｍ厚です。

I've been using Miraform Lambda a lot lately because I like its cost performance and ease of use anywhere. The photo is 100mm thick.

当時の羽子板ボルト（Z金物）今にして思えばガタモ大きいですし、ボルトもスプリングワッシャを使っていなかったりで、手で回ります。

In retrospect, the battledore bolts (Z hardware) of those days were quite large, and the bolts did not use spring washers, so they had to be turned by hand.

やっと手に入るようになった構造用パネルOSB9ｍｍ（3×10版）

Structural panel OSB9mm (3×10 version) finally available

屋根には１層目の断熱材を敷き詰めて、ブルーシートを掛けて雨養生。

The first layer of insulation was laid on the roof, and a blue sheet was placed over it to protect it from rain.

なぜ・・和室の長押や廻り縁はこんな風に大きく欠くんでしょう・・柱断面が乏しいものはこの際思い切って交換します。

Why are the long edges and edges of the Japanese-style room so badly damaged? I will take the plunge and replace the pillars with poor cross-sections at this time.

5/30 発寒の家Ⅲ

 屋根から取り掛かった「発寒の家Ⅲ」屋根は構造体の外側に外張り断熱。なので防湿シートは梁の外気側。壁は充填を主体に付加断熱を外張りするので防湿シートは柱の室内側。切り替え部分のシートの仕込みが完了。

雨の多い季節を見越して屋根断熱はGWではなくてボード状断熱材を選択しました。丁寧に小屋梁のレベルを取り直し大垂木下には矢を打って天端のレベルはキッチリ。今後２階梁の交換やクリープの矯正なんかもあるので現場にはジャッキを用意。補強に使う羽子板ボルトはカナイならメルト、カネシンならレスビー。

好みなんです/笑

Starting with the roof, the roof of ``Cold House III'' is insulated on the outside of the structure. Therefore, the moisture-proof sheet is on the outside air side of the beam. The walls are mainly filled with additional insulation, so the moisture-proof sheet is on the indoor side of the pillars. Preparation of the sheet for the switching part is complete.

In anticipation of the rainy season, we chose board-type insulation material for the roof insulation rather than Golden Ware. We carefully re-leveled the roof beams and shot arrows under the large rafters to ensure the top level was perfect. In the future, we will need to replace the second floor beam and correct creep, so we have a jack on site. The battledore bolts used for reinforcement are Melt for Kanai and Lesby for Kaneshin.

I like it/lol

この上から厚物合板を敷いて防湿シートを折り返します。

Lay thick plywood over this and fold back the moisture-proof sheet.

垂木の高さも矢（関西）又はパッキン（北海道）を打ってしっかりレベルを合わせます。

Adjust the height of the rafters to the correct level by hitting arrows (Kansai) or gaskets (Hokkaido).

矢又はパッキンはこんな感じです。

The arrow or gasket looks like this.

新築だとまず使わないジャッキ。柱梁の交換やクリープした床の矯正等々・・リフォームには大活躍します。

A jack that is rarely used in new construction. It is very useful for renovations such as replacing columns and beams, straightening creeping floors, etc.

こちらがお好みの羽子板ボルト。頭が小さいのが好みです。

This is your favorite battledore bolt. I like the small head.

納まったところもピタッときれいです！

The place where it fits is also very clean!

5/26 発寒の家Ⅲ

 　築深の建物は概ね、手刻みで加工されていることが多い。それに経年変化が加わって例外なく現在の水準で見ると狂いを生じている。そこで棟梁は桁行方向と妻方向の狂いを測って屋起こしをやり直している。建物の角を基準にすると傾きが反対側に集中するから建物巾のほぼ中央の柱を立ち（垂直）の基準に見立てて左右の偏りが均一になるようにしている。

Deeply built buildings are often carved by hand. Added to this is the change over time, and without exception, the current standards are out of order. Therefore, the master carpenter measured the deviations in the girder direction and the gable direction and redid the building. If we use the corner of the building as a reference, the slope will be concentrated on the opposite side, so we used a column in the center of the width of the building as a standing (vertical) reference to make sure that the left and right deviations are even.

　話は変わるが・・昨日から現場の電気が突然使えなくなった・・元々の配線を養生しながら仮設電気として使っていたが、今の時代現場に電気が来ないでは始まらない。考えても理由が分からない・・そんな時に棟梁が「ネズミだな」と一言・・探してみるとかじられたＶＶＦ線を発見、早速被覆が傷んだところを取り除いて絶縁。無事復旧できた。棟梁の他に若い大工さんが一人ついているが、私も含めて毎日が学びの宝石だ・・棟梁はなんて凄い。新築以外、自分は全然ものを知らないんだろうと思う。想えば・・ネズミの糞が見つかった時点で電気の線の確認はしておくべきだった。知らずに誰かがブレーカーを触るかもしれないんだから。棟梁、今日もありがとうございます。

On a different note...the electricity at the site suddenly stopped working yesterday...We were using the original wiring as temporary electricity while curing it, but in this day and age, we can't start without electricity coming to the site. No matter how much I thought about it, I still couldn't figure out why... At that time, the master carpenter said, ``It's a rat.'' When I looked for it, I found a chewed-up VVF wire, and immediately removed the damaged part of the coating and insulated it. I was able to recover safely. In addition to the master carpenter, there is one young carpenter, and every day is a learning experience for everyone, including me...the master carpenter is amazing. I don't think I know anything about anything other than new construction. Now that I think about it...I should have checked the electrical lines the moment I found the rat droppings. Someone might trip the breaker without you knowing. Leader, thank you again for today.

建物巾のほぼ中央の柱が基準。この位置で最も各部の狂いが均一化する。

The pillar approximately in the center of the width of the building is the standard. At this position, the deviations of each part are most evened out.

42年ぶりの再屋起こしの全体像はこんな感じ

The whole picture of the reopening after 42 years is like this

ネズミに被覆がかじられた電気の線・・危ない

Electric wires whose insulation has been chewed by rats...dangerous

今日もこんな感じ・・現場は学びの宝石箱。面白くて興味深くて仕方がない。棟梁たちにとっては当たり前のことなんだろうけど・・・もっともっと勉強します！

It's like this today too... The field is a treasure box of learning. I can't help but find it interesting and interesting. I guess this is common sense for master carpenters, but I will study more and more!

5/25 発寒の家Ⅲ

 本日は小屋組みを取り去って主屋と下屋の梁が露わになった「発寒の家Ⅲ」です。小屋梁は主屋の屋根が３本、下屋が２本兜蟻で掛けてあります。この梁の天端を既存の桁天端＋105ｍｍに下げ揃えて、梁全てに補強を行います。その上で梁の腹に梁受け金物を打ち付けて□105の小梁を桁の上に載せ、上から厚物合板で水平な剛床ステージを作ろうと思います。断熱は外張りの屋根断熱とします。既存の小屋組みを解体した際に出た９～12尺の母屋材が多数ありますから捻じれの少ないものを選んで補強や小梁に再利用します。

Today's photo is ``Hasamu no Ie III,'' where the roof frame has been removed to expose the beams of the main house and lower house. Three hut beams are used for the main roof and two for the lower roof. The tops of these beams will be lowered to the existing girder tops + 105mm, and all beams will be reinforced. On top of that, I'm going to attach a beam support hardware to the belly of the beam, place a small beam of □105 on top of the girder, and make a horizontal rigid stage using thick plywood from above. Thermal insulation will be external roof insulation. There are many 9 to 12 shaku main roof materials that were obtained when the existing roof structure was dismantled, so we selected materials with minimal twisting and reused them for reinforcement and small beams.

主屋の小屋梁３本。梁Ｃは捻じれが大きくクリープが心配なので新しい梁に架け替えます。

Three beams of the main house. Beam C is highly twisted and there is a concern about creep, so we will replace it with a new beam.

こちらが交換予定の梁Ｃ・・かなり寝ています。

This is the beam C that is scheduled to be replaced... it's pretty sleepy.

こちらが下屋の小屋梁２本。母屋は12尺のものもあるので再利用します。

These are the two shed beams of the lower house. Some of the main buildings are 12 shaku, so they will be reused.

ブロックの煙突は解体します。

The block chimney will be demolished.

１階掃き出し窓の際柱。土台と共に交換です。

A pillar near the sweeping window on the first floor. It will be replaced along with the base.

久しぶりにバンアパなんていかがでしょう

How about having a bangpa party for the first time in a while?

5/23 発寒の家Ⅲ

 外部のバラ板も撤去し、骨組みが露わになった性能向上改修工事「発寒の家Ⅲ」の現場です。大きな構造の傷みは東側と南側にそれぞれ１か所。中でも南側は柱のみならず土台も一部交換が必要となります。これで傷みの状況がほぼ明らかになったので、今回の状況について建て主さまにご報告して修理の方法を話し合いたいと思います。こっから先は余談になりますが・・・築深の性能向上改修を行う場合は外装がきれいだからと油断せずに土台と胴差廻りくらいは最低限建物一周ぐるりと開口して確認すべきです。くれぐれも構造の傷みを放置したまま上からぺたっ！と断熱を貼るような・・てんぷら工事はNGです。

This is the site of the performance-enhancing renovation work ``Hatsu no Ie III,'' where the external loose boards were also removed and the framework was exposed. There is one large structural damage on the east side and one on the south side. Particularly on the south side, not only the pillars but also some of the foundations will need to be replaced. Now that the damage is mostly clear, I would like to report the situation to the owner and discuss how to repair it. I'll digress from this point on... When performing renovations to improve the performance of a deep building, you should not be careless just because the exterior is clean, but open at least all the way around the building to check the foundation and trunk area. is. I tried to clean it from above without leaving any damage to the structure! Tempura construction work such as putting on insulation is not allowed.

東側、玄関上の大梁の激しい痛みの様子。胴差、梁共い３割程度断面損失。柱頭もぼけて柱表面から深さ20ｍｍ程度は表面が手でめくれます。上下筋交いはきれいに接合部が消失していました。

On the east side, the girder above the entrance appears to be in severe pain. Cross-sectional loss of about 30% for both the trunk and beam. The capital of the column is also blurred and the surface can be turned over by hand to a depth of about 20mm from the column surface. The joints of the upper and lower braces had completely disappeared.

１階の掃き出し窓の上に二階の窓があり、その窓際で漏水。水は胴差と２階梁を傷ませていいます。１階掃き出し窓の際でも漏水が生じたようで両側の柱脚と土台が傷んでいます。

There was a window on the second floor above the sweeping window on the first floor, and water was leaking near that window. The water is damaging the girder and second floor beams. It appears that water leaked near the first-floor sweeping windows, and the pillar bases and foundations on both sides were damaged.

外部より見た掃き出し窓の左側の柱脚。土台が傷み柱がめり込んでいます。

The pedestal on the left side of the sweeping window seen from the outside. The foundation is damaged and the pillars are sunk in.

5/20 発寒の家Ⅲ

 5/20（土）の「発寒の家Ⅲ」。本日は外装の解体が終わったので・・構造体の傷みを確認しに行ってきました。その結果は・・まあ予想通りといいますか、今の工法は進化しているなあと感じた次第。さてなぜ外装を解体して構造材の傷みを確認することが大切なのかと言えば、こうした通気層（排水機能）も防湿層も持たない時代の建物は柱、梁の外気側に深刻な被害が集中し易いからです。平たく言えば壁の中で温度が最も下がり易い外装の裏側（柱の外気側）は結露に対しても、雨水等の漏水に対しても一番の弱点。注意点は・・室内からではまず分からない事。今日も一緒に点検にお付き合いください。

写真から得られる教訓は、たとえ軽微な部分断熱改修であっても、土台の下から上に45ｃｍ程度、中間胴差から上下に45ｃｍ程度はぐるりと開口して構造の傷みを点検し修理すべきということです。在来木造の傷みはこの部分に集中しやすいですから。

“Hatsu no Ie III” on Saturday, May 20th. Today I finished dismantling the exterior, so I went to check for damage to the structure. The results were...well, as expected, but I felt that the current construction methods were evolving. Now, the reason why it is important to dismantle the exterior and check for damage to the structural materials is that buildings from the era that did not have ventilation layers (drainage function) or moisture-proof layers suffered serious damage to the outside air side of columns and beams. Because it's easier to concentrate. To put it simply, the back side of the exterior (the outside air side of the pillar), where the temperature is most likely to drop among the walls, is the weakest point against condensation and leakage of rainwater. One thing to keep in mind is that you can't really tell from inside the room. Please join us for an inspection today.

The lesson learned from the photos is that even if the partial insulation renovation is minor, it is necessary to open the base approximately 45cm above the base and 45cm above and below the intermediate shell to inspect and repair damage to the structure. about it. Damage to traditional wooden structures tends to be concentrated in this area.

北側の柱（と）の（１）番。室内側からは何ら問題なく見えますが・・・

Number (1) of the pillar on the north side. It looks fine from the inside, but...

外から見ると要交換です。

From the outside, it looks like it needs to be replaced.

窓の左側の柱が1/3くらい腐ってなくなっています。モルタルの裏が結露したか、サッシの際からの漏水か、はたまたその両方か？シージングボードと柱の間に水が溜まり柱を外側から腐らせています。

About 1/3 of the pillar on the left side of the window is rotten and gone. Is there condensation behind the mortar, water leaking from the edge of the sash, or both? Water collects between the sheathing board and the pillar, causing the pillar to rot from the outside.

こちらは同じ場所を室内から見たところ。シージングボードこそ傷んでいますが柱は無傷のように見えます。

This is the same place seen from inside. Although the sheathing board is damaged, the pillars appear to be intact.

5/19 発寒の家Ⅲ

足場が掛かった「発寒の家Ⅲ」、工程としては二階の天井まで解体が完了し二階の小屋裏まで全て目視点検が可能となりました。印象に残ったのが・・１階と２階でモルタルの下地が異なること。最初の確認申請が出された1981年、モルタルの下地は12ｍｍのバラ板の横貼。それから８年後の1989年に２階を増築した際に使われたのはなんと耐力面材のシージングボード。当時はまだ筋交いの代わりになるという意識は薄く筋交いと併用されています。このシージングボードが中々曲者で・・ラスを留め付ける又釘が室内側に飛び出しその先端が壁内結露して円形の染みを作っていました。外付けアルミサッシの端部も漏水か結露水でシージングボードはブヨブヨでした。多少濡れても腐敗限度内なら染みだけで持つ木材と少しでも水が入ると破綻する新建材・・製品差以上に壁内に水分が入らない断熱構造とデイテールは設計者の大切な仕事だとあらためて感じました。

The construction process for ``Hatsuno House III'', which had scaffolding on it, has been completely dismantled up to the ceiling on the second floor, making it possible to visually inspect everything up to the attic on the second floor. What impressed me was that the mortar base was different between the first and second floors. In 1981, when the first application for confirmation was submitted, the mortar base was horizontally pasted with 12mm loose boards. Eight years later, in 1989, when the second floor was added, sheathing boards, a load-bearing material, were used. At that time, there was still little awareness that it could replace braces, and it was used in conjunction with braces. This sheathing board was quite crooked...the nails that hold the lath in place stuck out on the indoor side, and the tips of the nails were condensing inside the wall, creating circular stains. The edges of the external aluminum sash also had water leakage or condensation, and the sheathing board was shaky. Wood that can withstand stains even if it gets a little wet within the rot limit, and new building materials that will fail if even a little water gets in.More than the product difference, the insulation structure and details that prevent moisture from getting into the walls are important tasks for designers. I felt it again.

こちらが二階のシージングボードを室内から見たところ。黒色の染みが一面に・・

This is a view of the sheathing board on the second floor from inside the room. Black stains all over...

犯人はラスを留め付けるための又釘が室内に露出しその先端が結露したから。もちろん又釘は錆びて真っ赤です。

The culprit was that the nails used to fasten the lath were exposed inside the room and condensation formed on the tips. Of course, the nails are rusty and red.

二階の外付けアルミサッシの端部は盛大に漏水痕がありました。窓は壁厚内に引っ込めるべきですね～・・・

There were large signs of water leakage at the edges of the external aluminum sash on the second floor. The windows should be recessed into the wall thickness...

冬場、暖房で暖まった高温高湿の室内空気が天井裏に逃げて、陸屋根の雪でキンキンに冷やされた野地板の裏面で結露します。その繰り返しがこの結露痕。でも12ｍｍの野地板は腐りもせずに屋根上の歩行が可能です。

In winter, the high-temperature, high-humidity indoor air warmed by the heater escapes into the ceiling and condenses on the back of the roof boards, which are cooled by the snow on the flat roof. The condensation marks are the result of this repetition. However, 12mm roof boards can be walked on the roof without rotting.

こちらが当時の新建材であるシージングボード。キャッチフレーズは「省エネで耐震だそうな・・」

This is sheathing board, a new building material at the time. The catchphrase is "Energy-saving and earthquake-resistant..."

最近の製図のお供はFIVE NEW OLDですねえ～

My latest drawing companion is FIVE NEW OLD.

5/17 発寒の家Ⅲ

 5/17（水）の「発寒の家Ⅲ」は水廻りの壁と天井の解体がほぼ完了したので躯体の傷み具合を確認します。防湿シートのない壁内がいかに木材にとって過酷な環境だったかがよく分かりました。お風呂場は0.75坪の初期のユニットバスが使われており土台や柱脚も全く問題なし。作り風呂は大好きですが腰下だけでもハーフユニットにする大切さを実感しました。その一方で室内干しや給湯器置き場だった脱衣所の外壁廻りの痛み方が激しく湿気を壁内に日常的に入れることの怖さを再認識しました。

On May 17th (Wednesday), the demolition of the walls and ceiling around the water area for "Hatsu no Ie III" has almost been completed, so we will check the extent of damage to the frame. It became clear how harsh the environment for wood was inside the walls without moisture-proof sheets. The bathroom is an early unit bath measuring 0.75 tsubo, and there are no problems with the foundation or pillar base. I love making baths, but I realized the importance of making a half-unit even if it's just below the waist. On the other hand, the outer wall of the changing room, which was used for indoor drying and water heater storage, was severely damaged, making me realize once again how dangerous it is to let moisture get inside the wall on a daily basis.

こちらは居間の外壁ですがモルタル下地のバラ板は湿気でボケてボロボロでした。当時の羽柄材は乾燥が不十分なグリーン材も多かったようで、すぐ下のバラ板は何でもないことから、施工時の含水率を下げることの大切さ（乾燥材使用）をあらためて痛感します。

This is the outer wall of the living room, and the loose boards on the mortar base were blurry and crumbling from the humidity. It seems that many of the feathered materials at that time were green materials that were not sufficiently dried, and since the loose board just below was nothing, I realized once again the importance of lowering the moisture content during construction (using dry materials). Masu.

当時のメガネ石に比較的新しいＦＦ式の排気トップを通して使っていました。給湯器の寿命は約10年くらいなので何度か交換するうちにこうなったのだと思います。このメガネ石はコンクリート製なので断熱はありません。壁の中で結露し周囲の木材を腐らせていたことが分かります。こうした状況を見るとあらためて設備管の外壁貫通部分に気密ガスケットが必要なことが分かります。

I was using a relatively new FF type exhaust top through the glasses stone at the time. The lifespan of a water heater is about 10 years, so I think this happened after replacing it several times. This spectacle stone is made of concrete, so there is no insulation. It turns out that condensation was condensing inside the walls and rotting the surrounding wood. Looking at this situation, it becomes clear that an airtight gasket is required for the part of the equipment pipe that penetrates the outside wall.

壁内の湿気によってモルタルの下地である12ｍｍのバラ板が腐ってなくなっていました。

The 12mm loose boards that served as the base for the mortar had rotted and disappeared due to the moisture in the walls.

発寒の家Ⅲ 構造確認

 5/15（月）は二階の床組みを見上げながら飛栄建設さんと問題点の整理を行った「発寒の家Ⅲ」。一般的に昭和の家は現在から見れば構造的には決して強くありません。理由は手抜き云々とは関係なく当時はそれが技術的な標準だったからです。よく昔の仕事を指して現在の観点で批判ばかりする人がいますが当時の実情を充分理解しておらず的外れな場合も多いです。事実、今回は壁や天井の断熱も充分な量がありましたし、羽子板ボルトや梁受け金物等々金物も積極的に使われています。その一方で性能向上を目的とした改修ですから当時の標準を現在のものに引き上げることが目的です。そんな視点で現在の改修ポイントを探って行くと・・

On May 15th (Monday), we looked up at the second-floor flooring and sorted out the problems with Hiei Construction at ``Hasamu House III.'' Generally speaking, Showa-era houses are not structurally strong from today's perspective. The reason has nothing to do with cutting corners, it's because it was the technical standard at the time. People often point to old work and criticize it from a current perspective, but they often miss the point because they don't fully understand the reality of the time. In fact, this time we had a sufficient amount of insulation for the walls and ceiling, and we also actively used hardware such as battledore bolts and beam support hardware. On the other hand, since it is a modification aimed at improving performance, the purpose is to raise the standard at the time to the current one. If we explore the current improvement points from that perspective...

１本の梁に過大な負担が掛かっている。柱が大梁を受けていないために結果的に下に梁を追加して構造が成立。既存の根太が邪魔で室内側から防湿シートが通せない。外部から合板を張りたいが既存の間柱幅が狭すぎる等々・・・もうお分かりと思いますが、２階の床梁の上には二階の柱が、その上には小屋梁がその上には束＆母屋＆屋根垂木が載っている。安易に２階梁を撤去すればそれが支えていた上部構造も崩れるために撤去自体が難しく、構造に関しては補強法と歪み矯正が主な論点となります。もちろん断熱気密と矛盾することなく構造系を解決しないと後から非常に困るので頭をフル回転させて考えます。

Excessive load is placed on one beam. Since the pillars were not supported by the main beams, the structure was completed by adding beams underneath. The existing joists are in the way, making it impossible to pass the moisture-proof sheet through from the indoor side. I want to install plywood from the outside, but the width of the existing studs is too narrow... As you may have guessed, the second floor pillars are on top of the second floor floor beams, and the shed beams are on top of them. It has bundles & purlins & roof rafters on it. If the second-floor beams are removed too easily, the superstructure they support will also collapse, making removal itself difficult, and the main points of discussion regarding the structure are reinforcement methods and distortion correction. Of course, if we don't solve the structural system without contradicting the insulation and airtightness, we will be in trouble later, so we have to think about it with all our might.

注：今回は隣地が近すぎて外張り断熱＆外張り防湿シートが使えません。なので防湿は室内から・・

あらためて在来工法は間取り≒構造だなと感じます。それに配置・・隣地間距離が後の性能向上改修には特に大切。

Note: This time, the neighboring land is too close to use external insulation and moisture-proof sheets. So moisture proofing starts indoors...

Once again, I feel that with conventional construction methods, the floor plan ≒ structure. Additionally, the placement and distance between adjacent properties is especially important for later performance improvement renovations.

元々、梁成270ｍｍの梁に下から□105を追加補強している風に見えるが、お互いしっかり一体接合されていないのでほぼ効いていない状態。そこにスパン2.7ｍと3.6ｍの大梁が東西から掛かっている。本当は梁を全て架け替えたいところだが・・二階が落ちてしまうので補強法を考えます。

It looks like the 270mm beam was originally reinforced with □105 from below, but it is not really effective because they are not firmly connected to each other. Large beams with spans of 2.7m and 3.6m hang from the east and west. Actually, I would like to replace all the beams, but the second floor will fall down, so I will think about reinforcement methods.

手刻みの際に明らかに梁長さを短く誤ってしまった。その結果下の梁でなんとか構造的に成立させている。

When I carved it by hand, I obviously made a mistake in setting the beam length too short. As a result, we managed to make it structurally viable using the beams at the bottom.

構造補強と断熱化をいかに矛盾なく解決するかが論点。隣地間距離に余裕がなく、隣地側に壁厚が増す外張り断熱気密は限定的にしか使えない。

The issue is how to resolve structural reinforcement and insulation without contradiction. There is not enough distance between adjacent properties, and external insulation and air sealing, which increases wall thickness on the adjacent property, can only be used to a limited extent.

発寒の家Ⅲ ２階床伏図作成

5/13（火）

 １階天井裏のグラスウールを全て落とし、二階の床組みが全て見上げられるようになった「発寒の家Ⅲ」です。

今日の私の仕事は二階床伏図の作成。見上げ姿勢で首が疲れましたが/笑・・色々なことが分かります。

5/13 (Tue)

 This is ``Camp House III,'' where all the glass wool in the attic on the first floor has been removed, making it possible to look up at the entire floor structure on the second floor.

My job today is to create a floor plan for the second floor. My neck got tired from looking up, lol...I learned a lot.

現在の感覚からすると・・梁も少なくて梁成も小さいです。（に通り5～8間）なんて元々の梁成240に□105で補強した梁に６通りの左右から大梁（左：270、右：240）が掛かってくるところなんて補強のし甲斐があります。

From my current perspective... there are fewer beams and the beams are also smaller. (Ni-dori 5 to 8) The original beam size was 240, but the beam was reinforced with □105, and the girder (left: 270, right: 240) hangs from the left and right in 6 different ways, so it was worth reinforcing it.

元々平屋だったので、天井高を充分取るために小屋梁（現在は二階の床梁）は胴差から上方向に105ｍｍ逃がしてあります。その結果、二階の床根太はこの逃がした小屋梁の天端に合わせて間隔303ｍｍで胴差の上に載っている格好になります。

Since it was originally a one-story house, the roof beams (currently the floor beams on the second floor) were set 105mm upwards from the trunk gap in order to provide sufficient ceiling height. As a result, the floor joists on the second floor will be placed on top of the girders with a spacing of 303 mm to match the top of the shed beam.

二階の床根太は既存の大梁の腹に根太受を打って落ちないように取り付けられていました。

The floor joists on the second floor were attached to the sides of the existing girders to prevent them from falling.

梁を支えていない柱

Columns that do not support beams

平屋に二階を増築するということは、当然ながら階段が必要となります。その階段の外周壁部分がこれ。柱が梁を支えていません。梁成240ｍｍの梁があるのでスパン的には飛びますがなぜなのか分かりませんでした。この部分は追加の耐力壁として必要なので柱を交換して梁とつなぎます。

Adding a second floor to a one-story house naturally requires stairs. This is the outer wall part of the stairs. The columns are not supporting the beams. There is a beam with a beam length of 240mm, so it jumps in terms of span, but I didn't understand why. This part is needed as an additional load-bearing wall, so replace the column and connect it to the beam.

今日はAESPAの新譜・・カッコイイ

AESPA's new album today...cool

発寒の家Ⅲ 室内解体工事

 本日は１階室内の解体に着手した「発寒の家Ⅲ」。壊す順序は上から下へ・・つまり天井から解体を進めます。1981年の完成当時は平屋だったこの家、8年後の1989年に二階を増築するまで１階の天井裏は小屋裏だったわけでして・・そんな理由で天井を剥がすとびっしり充填されたグラスウール（平屋時の天井断熱）が顔を出しました。天井も竣工当初の化粧石膏ボードの上にもう一枚石膏ボードを増し張りしていたり、ネズミの糞から小屋裏と床下がつながる構造だったこと、天井野縁の上にグラスウールを布団のように敷いただけでは野縁の隙間に空気が走りグラスウールが室内の湿気で真っ黒に汚れるダスティング等を目視確認しました。

Today we started dismantling the interior of the first floor of ``Hatsu no Ie III''. The order of destruction is from top to bottom, that is, proceed from the ceiling. This house was a one-story building when it was completed in 1981, and until the second floor was added eight years later in 1989, the attic on the first floor was an attic...for that reason, when the ceiling was removed, it was completely filled with stuff. Glass wool (ceiling insulation for a one-story house) was exposed. For the ceiling, another layer of gypsum board was added on top of the original decorative gypsum board when the construction was completed, and the attic was connected to the underfloor to prevent rat droppings. If we just laid it down, air would run through the gaps in the veranda, and we visually confirmed that the glass wool would become black due to the moisture in the room, causing dusting and other problems.

竣工時の天井用化粧石膏ボードの上にもう一層石膏ボードを増し張りしてクロス張としていた。

On top of the decorative gypsum board for the ceiling at the time of completion, another layer of gypsum board was added to create a cross-covering.

壁でも天井でも断熱材は隙間なく施工されていなくてはいけないことが分かるカット。黒く見えるダスティングの正体は湿気を帯びた空気が通り抜けた跡。グラスウールの中を空気が移動してしまっては断熱は効かない。

This cut shows that insulation must be installed without any gaps in both walls and ceilings. The dust that looks black is actually a trace of humid air passing through. If air moves through the glass wool, insulation will not work.

１階の天井仕上を落とした様子。野縁の上に布団のようにグラスウールを敷いただけでは室内の湿気を含んだ空気が野縁とグラスウールの隙間を走りダスティングと呼ばれる黒い痕跡を残す。同じ天井を断熱するのでも、桁上断熱に進化した理由がよく分かる。当然ながら解体に従事する大工さんは防塵マスク＋ゴーグル＋手袋で完全防備。当時のグラスウールはチクチクして素手で触るのは厳しい。

The ceiling finish on the first floor has been removed. If you simply lay glass wool like a futon over the field edge, the humid air inside the room will run through the gap between the field edge and the glass wool, leaving a black mark called dusting. Even though the same ceiling is insulated, it is easy to understand why it has evolved into sparge insulation. Naturally, carpenters engaged in demolition are fully protected with dust masks, goggles, and gloves. At that time, glass wool was prickly and difficult to touch with bare hands.

建物各部からネズミの糞が見つかることから、根太床のために床下と階間、小屋裏がネズミの通路として連続していた様子が分かる。

Rat droppings were found in various parts of the building, indicating that the floor joist flooring, floors, and attic were continuous passageways for rats.

パリスマッチなんていかがでしょう

How about a Paris match?